Introduction
Gufw is a firewall powered by UFW (Uncomplicated Firewall). For an overview of firewalls, please see Firewall.Installation
In order to install Gufw, you must have the Universe repository enabled. To install, use Synaptic, or run from Terminal:
sudo apt-get install gufw
Usage
To access GUFW, go to System->Administration->Firewall configuration.
By default, the firewall is disabled.
Enabling
To enable the firewall, simply check the Enabled button and the default will be set to Deny for incoming traffic and Allow for outgoing traffic.
Adding Rules
To configure the firewall, we add rules. Simply click the Add button and a new window will pop up. For details about this implementation, see the UFW page. Rules can be configured for TCP and UDP ports, and UFW has some preconfigured programs/services to make setting up rules for them easy.
The available options for rules are Allow, Deny, Reject, and Limit:
- Allow: The system will allow entry traffic for a port.
- Deny: The system will deny entry traffic to a port.
- Reject: The system will deny entry traffic to a port and will inform the requesting for connection system that it has been rejected.
- Limit: The system will deny connections if an IP address has attempted to initiate 6 or more connections in the last 30 seconds.
Preconfigured
The Preconfigured tab gives us some options for controlling firewall options for common programs and services.
You have several categories and subcategories. You can filter by name/description/ports too.
Simple
Not all program configurations are available in Gufw, but we can still add rules for them using the Simple tab.
Again, we'll use the SSH example - let's just pretend for a moment that there isn't a preconfigured option for it. To enable it in the Simple tab, select "Allow", "TCP", "22" and click Add.
Advanced
Sometimes we want to configure access based on a specific IP, so we use the Advanced tab.
Preferences
There are a few preferences available to set in Gufw, and can be controlled from Edit->Preferences
Here you can control logging for ufw and for Gufw, create profiles and set general interface preferences. The default is to enable logging for ufw, and disable logging for Gufw.
Use Gufw without Graphical Environment or Remote Computer
Requirements
You can use Gufw in a Linux without Graphical Environment (for example an Ubuntu Server) or from a remote computer. You will need Gufw 13.10.2 or higher. Just export your X Display. All the operations in Gufw will be apply in the remote computer.
How use it
Important: If you enable the firewall under ssh without the ssh rule, you'll close the ssh connection, then before to enable Gufw under a ssh connection, append the ssh rule using ufw with this command:
sudo ufw enable ssh
- From a local computer with Linux:
- Remote computer without graphic environment (IP = 192.168.1.102, Gufw installed and ssh server).
- Local Linux. In the local computer, open a Terminal and run this command:
ssh user_remote@192.168.1.102 -X sudo /usr/bin/gufw-pkexec -ssh
- From a local computer with Windows:
- Windows IP = 192.168.1.101; Linux IP = 192.168.1.100
- In Windows: Run XLaunch from the Start Menu and check "No Access Control" in the last step.
- Connect to your Linux with Putty and run:
export DISPLAY=192.168.1.101:0.0 sudo /usr/bin/gufw-pkexec -ssh
Enable IP forwarding
Requirements
Gufw 14.10 or higher.
How use set it
To routing policy and rules, you must setup IP forwarding in the system:
- Close Gufw
- Uncomment these 3 lines in the file /etc/ufw/sysctl.conf:
#net/ipv4/ip_forward=1
#net/ipv6/conf/default/forwarding=1
#net/ipv6/conf/all/forwarding=1
- Reload the firewall:
sudo ufw reload
Open Gufw, you'll see a new "Routed" option (with an arrow around the shield) and you can forward any rule from the Update window or Advanced Tab in Add window.
Other Resources
General
- UbuntuFirewall - UFW homepage
- http://gufw.org - Gufw homepage
Online Great (Updated) Tutorials in this language
- Gufw 11.04:
- Gufw 10.04:
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